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Thoughts on the Bible Readings December 15th (Job 18, 19; Zephaniah 1; 2 Peter 3)

Job 18 deals with Bildad's 2nd round of arguments. Job says, "God punishes the wicked", and since you seem to be suffering punishment you, too, must be wicked. Job, Bildad says, "you keep looking for words to justify yourself. "Do you consider us to be merely stupid cattle? “Settle down, stay calm, and submit to your deserved discipline. No matter how much you protest and struggle you cannot escape the discipline of the Almighty. If you do not learn from your chastening you will disappear into obscurity with the rest of the wicked". Chapter 19 contains the most magnificent statement in the entire Old Testament of God's atonement, or the Almighty's plan to reconcile man to Himself. Job passionately replies, "I know that my Redeemer ("goel" near kinsman) lives". We learn much about the role of the "goel" in the book of Ruth.Both here, and in Ruth, we are taught of Christ's love and His desire to redeem us. Job laments the torments of his friends. The number 10 is used in the Bible, to represent a never-ending sequence (compare in Numbers Yahweh's protestations to Moses of Israel's never ceasing grumbling; also, Hebrews 3). "God", says Job, "seems to have counted me as His enemy. Why I know not. But, if only I had the opportunity I would put my case before Him. My loathsome condition has estranged me from all relatives and friends. Pity me that the Almighty's hand has been stretched out against me". From verses 23-27 we have Job's hope that a "goel" would mediate his case with God. The words have been magnificently captured in Handel's oratorio "Messiah". Our only hope lay in the Father's work of reconciliation, which was accomplished in His Son, who bore our human nature and although suffering its weaknesses and was sinless. And so, he is completely qualified as our Redeemer (Hebrews 2verses5-18). Christ Jesus will return and stand upon the earth to raise the dead in Christ to immortality. Though our bodies be destroyed in the grave ("Sheol"), yet our life will be revived when Christ Jesus comes (Colossians 3verses1-5). "In the meantime, let me be", pleads Job.Zephaniah prophesied during the reign in Judah of the wonderful king Josiah spanning the years (640 BC - 609 BC). This time was just prior to the four waves of Babylonian invasions underNebuchadnezzar. Although Josiah was a great reformer many of the leaders remained entrenched in their wicked positions because of the longstanding evil reigns of the Kings who preceded the greatest of Judah's reformers. The name of the prophet (Zephaniah) means, "hidden of Yah" (Yah is the shortened poetic form of Yahweh) and his name encapsulates the theme of the book (see chapter 2verses3). Those righteous ones who had sought Yahweh would be hidden from His chastening Hand when the judgements came. Verse 5 tells us that the LORD would punish the remnant of the Baal worshippers - even though Josiah had purged Baal from Judah many still secretly cherished and practised that entrenched idolatry. The record in 2 Kings tells the same story. Verse 5 also speaks of the abominable worship that some still followed (see Ezekiel chapters 12 and 13 which describe the forms of worship which persisted at this time). Verse 8 singles out for punishment Josiah's sons - in particular Jeconiah called by Jeremiah, Coniah - by partly removing his association from the name of Yahweh (see Jeremiah 22verses11-30). Coniah knew not the first thing about being a faithful king (those attributes are enumerated in Deuteronomy 17; 2 Samuel 23; Psalm 72). And so, both Zephaniah and Jeremiah contrast Jeconiah with his father Josiah. Verse 9 speaks of an idolatrous practice going back to the sojourn of the ark of the covenant in Philistine territory at the time of Samuel's infancy (see 1 Samuel 5verses5). Verses 10-13 describe the people chosen for judgment and the reasons for this punishment. Verses 14-18 poetically metaphorically describe what "the day of Yahweh" would look like. Woe to those who mistakenly sought it believing that the judgments of the Almighty would fall on others and not on themselves.Chapter 3 completes Peter's 2nd letter. The first 13 verses tell of the coming day of judgment. Verses 1-5 speak of the wilful ignorance - i.e. by deliberate choice - of the coming judgments upon the wicked. The Apostle shows that despite warnings given to Noah and to those of his generation for 120 years (see also Hebrews 11verses7) those who had once been believers had chosen to abandon their faith. Though punishment seemed slow in coming it was certain. The slowness was to give time for people to repent and turn to God. Our God is not willing that any should perish (verses 8-9). Opportunity must be seized now as there will not always be opportunity. Like unsuspecting individuals those who are unready for the Lord's return will find themselves suddenly ensnared (like a thief in the night surprises those who are not prepared). Our Lord Jesus Christ describes this in Luke 21verses34-36. Paul likewise speaks of this time in 1st Thessalonians chapter 5verses1-9. The dissolution of the Mosaic order is described as the heavens and earth being dissolved. This is a common Biblical figure of speech (see Deuteronomy 32 verse 1 and Isaiah 1 verses 2 and 10). Seeing we are certain of the coming of the heavenly kingdom (Revelation 4 and 5 describe this time) Peter quotes from Isaiah 65verses17-25) that we must live righteously and in readiness for our Lord's return. So, the life and behaviour of the believer must be fashioned in conformity with our desire to be part of the kingdom of our Lord and Christ (Revelation 11verses1-9). Final words from Peter finish the letter in verses 14-18. The Apostle commends them to pay heed to the writings of Paul. The two great Apostles - Peter and Paul - stand shoulder to shoulder in their teachings and in their believing of and living the Truth. Peter's concluding words in verse 18 should be read aloud slowly and pondered.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings December 14th (Job 16, 17; Habakkuk 3; 2 Peter 1, 2)

In Habakkuk 3 the prophecy becomes a confident psalm of trust in the Almighty and a prophecy of Yahweh's future judgments at the time of the setting up of Christ's kingdom. It was through this psalm that the writer J. W. Thirtle was able to unravel the structure of the superscripts and subscripts in the Psalms. The expression, "upon Shigionoth" is an instruction as to the musical director of this psalm. Psalms are prayers and this chapter is a Psalm. The report that the prophet heard was of the "wonders" (Hebrew "pala" miracles) which God did on his triumphal march before His people through the wilderness, in the days of the exodus from Egypt onwards to their inheritance in the Promised Land (see Numbers 10verses29-36; Deuteronomy 32verses1-14; Psalm 68). However, although the Psalm is based on events which had happened it is also prophetic - the future tense is often used. Eloah" (the mighty one, speaking of the Lord Jesus Christ coming in His Father's might) WILL come from the south (Teman) - the arena of operation when El (God the Father) via angelic ministration. And He will precede His people. The events of the Exodus occurred 900 years before the prophet's vision. These future events, under Christ, will soon occur when the Middle East is inundated by the great northern army. God's mighty arm and Almighty power will be unleashed on the oppressor and He, Yahweh, will be known and exalted in the earth (Ezekiel 38 and 39; Joel 3 - particularly verse 17). The measuring for judgment is a common Bible metaphor. The ancient nations, represented by the hills, were brought low (humbled). The rivers - the invading nations in particular - experienced the Almighty's wrath. But, as with Pharaoh's chariots (Exodus 14 and 15) these instruments of war are proven vain and useless when they are overwhelmed by Yahweh's salvation chariots (Psalm 68verses18-21). The sun and the moon will stand still in their place echoing the victory of Joshua over the Canaanites, in the land of their inheritance (Joshua 10). The 'head' (Rosh) of the wicked is to be crushed (v13). The sharp victory arrows shall pierce the hearts of the King's enemies (Psalm 45verses5). The whirlwind of Yahweh will scatter His enemies before Him, like the chaff before the wind (v14). And the enemy is trampled underfoot (Exodus 15). This awesome and majestic power of his Sovereign leaves the prophet trembling. The Psalm of Habakkuk concludes from verses 17-19 with precisely the reverse mood to the mood of despondency at its beginning. The prophet has had his fears answered and calmed by his Almighty Sovereign. And so, he now he patiently awaits the salvation of Yahweh - as one of the LORD's just ones, living by faith. Despite all current appearances, our King is of Zion - meaning "exultation". This is the city of our spiritual birth (Psalms 48; 84; 87). The fig and olive trees (are symbols of Israel) will not flourish. Today our God stills the storms that rage in our minds and will soon do so throughout the entire world (2 Samuel 23verses1-4verses Psalm 18; Psalm 46; Isaiah 26verses1-4). Our hope and trust in our Almighty Deliverer is sure and steadfast.

The Life Of Christ # 114 The slaughtered Galileans by John Martin

The Life Of Christ # 114 The slaughtered Galileans by John Martin

Thoughts on the Bible Readings December 13th (Job 15; Habakkuk 2; 1 Peter 3, 4, 5)

The second round of arguments is led by Eliphaz in Job 15. He accuses Job of not fearing God. Job, he says, your sayings are just straws in the wind - you don't know what you are talking about. Have respect before you when you open your mouth, says Eliphaz. Your sins have affected your thinking and speech. Ponder the counsel of the Almighty which we are putting to you. Man cannot be pure, says Eliphaz, even the angels of God cannot be trusted (this that he says is so wrong). Man, says his friend, is one of the worst and most abominable creatures that the LORD created; and man above every other creature stubbornly defies his Creator. But this rebellion will be repaid by his Sovereign in due time.
Habakkuk 2 is one of the greatest and most pivotal chapters in the Old Testament. The chapter begins with the prophet standing upon his watchtower awaiting the LORD's response to his two challenges in chapter 1. The fourth verse states the essence of Yahweh's redemptive method, "The just shall live by faith". The phrase becomes central to God's plan for redemption as explained in the letters of Romans, Galatians and Hebrews. The emphasis in Romans is, "The JUST shall live by faith"; in Galatians it is, "The just shall LIVE by faith; and in Hebrews it is, "The just shall live by FAITH". Verse 2 tells us that the message was so vitally important that it should be written in such massive letters that a running man would be able to read it. Paul alludes to this in Galatians 3verses1 (note the context through to verse 9). It was like thisverses
"THE JUST SHALL LIVE BY FAITH".
When the time came for God's judgments the only survivors would be those who were living by their faith (or 'belief'). Wait, says his Sovereign to the prophet, for the fulfilment of this message. The ones whom God had raised up to chastise His people were proud, boastful, covetous drunkards - i.e. the Babylonians. Nebuchadnezzar accumulated nations in abundance. Verses 6-20 pronounce a woe upon the Chaldeans (i.e. Babylonians). Verse 6 describes the pledges, or guarantees, or advances made by other countries to the Babylonians. But, eventually, all human systems will destroy themselves; just as did the Babylonians. The prophet describes their doom with the expression, "The stone will cry out from the wall, and the beam from the woodwork will give its response" (verse 8). Such as these peoples are only guilty of "feathering their own nests". Whether we live under Capitalism, or under a Socialist system, both systems are a veil of weariness for those who pursue them. (Further thoughts on the relevance of these verses to modern Communism are to be found in the footnote below). Yahweh has determined that this be so. Rather the righteous ones who live by trust in the Almighty will wait and hope for the time when, "The earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of Yahweh, as the waters cover the deep" (v14; cp Numbers 14verses21; Psalm 72verses17-20). These waters cover the deep totally - see also Revelation 21. The woes and denunciations against the evil idol worshippers continue in verses 15-19. The chapter concludes on a high note to reverence and awe the Omnipotent Creator. Slowly read aloud and ponder verse 20.
The first 7 verses of 1 Peter 3 outline the principles governing the relationship between wives and husbands. This relationship exists to assist one another to graciously receive an inheritance in the kingdom. Mutual submission - the one to the other is key to a balanced spiritual marriage (compare Ephesians 5verses22-33). Outward adornment is to be sparse - the true focus is to be on modesty and a heart centred on our Lord Jesus Christ. Abraham and Sarah provide the model for all time (compare Isaiah 51verses1-5). The faithful example of a spouse may in time win her unbelieving husband to Christ's way. The Word of God and prayer are the cement for a successful marriage. And husbands must not lord it over their wives, but rather be prepared, as Christ showed us, to sacrifice themselves for their wives. Verses 8-22 speak of suffering for righteousness' sake. Listen to and contemplate the words of verse 8, "Finally, all of you, have unity of mind, sympathy, brotherly love, a tender heart, and a humble mind" (ESV). We do not repay evil with evil, but rather by blessing. Verses 10-12 are a protracted quote from Psalm 34 (one of the most frequently quoted Psalms in the New Testament). This is because the course of life is advised for a believer to follow. Once again prayer is stressed as a guiding force. Christ's disciples' lives are to be exemplary in manifesting the holiness of their Father's calling (Leviticus 19verses13). In suffering for righteousness' sake faithful believers pattern themselves on Christ their head. These disciples becomeone with our Lord Jesus through belief and baptism; and their identification is a response to a conscience desiring to be reconciled to God. The same attitude was shown by Noah, as he likewise believed the LORD when he built the ark and proclaimed the Almighty's power to save those who trust in the salvation God provides. Our Lord Jesus Christ will return to earth bringing us the longed-for deliverance in his coming kingdom. The fourth chapter in commencing with the word 'for' shows us that it is a linked to the behaviour at the end of chapter 3. The first 11 verses tell us that we are stewards of God's grace. In knowing the extent to which Christ Jesus suffered for the upholding of the righteousness of his Father we too cannot continue in sin as the heedless world does. Without the gospel we are dead, as dead as this wicked world is now. But we have been made alive in Christ. Let our sober minds never forget this.Believers must strive on the behalf of others and with the love of God, outworked in Christ, to extend our Father's graciousness to any and all. Faithful speech must not be self-focussed, but we need speak with God's Words. From verses 12-19 Peter explains that the believer's lot is one of suffering for Christ's sake. The sufferings that the faithful of the diaspora were experiencing was not in any way unexpected - it was because they are living as had their Master and would not be deflected from patterning themselves on him. Like what was seen with our Lord glory and exaltation would follow rejection and persecution. The Scriptures have always shown this to the path of the righteous - see Ezekiel 8verses18 to 9verses12. Chapter 5 of 1 Peter pursues the theme of humility and of our suffering preceding exaltation and glory. The focus, as always, rightly remains upon our Lord Jesus Christ. He is the chief shepherd, as he had taught Peter both by word and example (compare John 21). Peter embraced and accepted that responsibility with fervour. Our Lord Jesus Christ is the good shepherd (John 10). He is also the chief shepherd (1 Peter 5). And Jesus is the great shepherd (Hebrews 13). Our responsibility, like Peter's (who learned it first from his Lord), is to feed God's flock (Psalms 23; 100). This is done out of a love that reciprocates that of the Father and His Son, not out of compulsion and certainly not for any pay. Those who like their Master clothe themselves with true humility (John 15 and Philippians 2;1-11), shall in God's good time be honoured and exalted.Verses 13-14 end the letter with final greetings.
FootnoteInterestingly the invasion of Israel by a northern confederacy will soon happen. And it was Krushchev, a Russian leader of the 1950's, who declared, "Promises are like pie crusts, made to be broken". Other characteristics of a totalitarian state include the exploitation of workers. Ironically the communist dictum says that this is what happens under capitalism. Look at the developments that have occurred in the two great communist systems - in China and in Russia (the class in power amass great wealth).
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings December 12th (Job 14; Habakkuk 1; 1 Peter 2)

Job continues his reply to Bildad - in particular - and to his other friends generally. Job's argument in the first six verses is that the accusations of the three friends are just wind - words without any substance. The words of these men are the product of their evil minds and if Job were to agree with the point of view which has been made he would have to stop his respect for his God. From verses 7-17 Job contrasts the pitiful position of humanity with a tree which if it is cut down has a hope of reviving if the scent of water comes to it. Humanity seems to come and go and pass away for ever. But following through the analogy Job makes only exposure to the water of God's Word can bring hope, the raising up through resurrection to live again. God's call and offer is the only worthwhile portion in this life. Verses 18-22 say that even though Job understood this he laments his current deplorable state. The patriarch accepts that it is the LORD's right to do whatever He chooses and it's our responsibility to accept this and hope that through life we can learn and grow closer to our Maker.The short prophecy of Habakkuk was written around BC 720 when Nineveh was the Assyrian capital city. The previous prophecy of Nahum told of God's judgments on that cruel and oppressive power. The prophet Habakkuk was a patriotic prophet from the southern kingdom of Judah which was to be extensively punished by the cruel Assyrians. In chapter 1 verse 1 the prophet describes his situation. In verses 2-4 the prophet expresses his complaint to the LORD that the violence within the nation of Judah appears to continue without any divine intervention. Verses 5-11 tell of the Almighty's answer to Habakkuk saying that Yahweh will punish guilty Judah by raising the Assyrian to punish the nation. The power, ferocity and speed of the Assyrian is outlined in these verses. In verses 12-17 the prophet makes his second complaint to the Almighty. Yahweh's prophet says surely God cannot use an evil nation like the Assyrian to judge Judah whose relative righteousness is greater than that of their ruthless enemy. This complaint will be answered by the Almighty in chapters 2 and 3. The practices and insatiable appetite for bloodshed and destruction are described by the prophet.
In his second chapter Peter continues the theme that closed chapter 1 i.e. human flesh is temporary and momentarily beautiful but in essence worthless, aside from its aesthetic beauty, and the hope of eternal life is that the Word of God can develop within us a character that our Father will choose to perpetuate. Verses 1-10 describe the building of an edifice to the Almighty God from stones He has chosen and enlivened by His satisfying Word which when consumed produces an intense thirst and desire. The foundation stone on which the house is built is our Lord Jesus Christ - Paul elaborates on this same theme in 1 Corinthians 3verses10-17 (note the similar introduction of Paul to Peter's thoughts i.e. compare the beginning verses of 1 Corinthians 3 and 1 Peter 2) and Ephesians 2verses19-22. Peter shows that the Father's purpose in making faith in His Son (our Lord Jesus Christ) was always the LORD's plan. Theo Apostle does this by citing Isaiah 8verses14-18; and Isaiah 28verses16. Our Lord Jesus Christ also quoted these words to prove that belief in him would be the basis of salvation, whereas rejecting Jesus as God's appointed means of saving can only lead to certain and total destruction. In verses 9-10 the Apostle Peter expresses his confidence that his readers have been chosen to show the praise of their Father. In verses 11-12 the Apostle urges his readers to live lives consistent with their profession of faith. From verse 13 to the end of chapter 2 Peter expresses God's requirement for believers to endure persecution for Christ's sake following his example of submission to rulers who cruelly took his life. The argument in verses 13-14 is that the authorities are in power because the Almighty has allowed this - compare Romans 13verses1-7.Peter's readers would find submission difficult as Rome was persecuting believers. In verses 17-20 the Apostle says that exemplary and faithful obedience even in the face of testing circumstances would demonstrate that believers were truly God's children. History tells us that such behaviour led to the acceptance of the truth by many of the pagans of that era. God will reward faithfulness which showed believers knew and understood the example that the Lord Jesus Christ had shown them in the laying down of his life for his saints - verses 21-25. Peter quotes Isaiah 53 which illustrates that our Lord was silent in his suffering that he might bring us to God. Now our Lord Jesus is overseeing and shepherding us as we walk in trust towards our Father's kingdom.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings December 11th (Job 13; Nahum 3; 1 Peter 1)

In chapter 13 Job concludes his answer to Zophar with the response that, despite what he has suffered, he will continue to place his hope in God. Job tells us that his friends have not helped his understanding. Job will, if possible, put his case before the Almighty. You, he says to his friends, are happy with appearances and not with actualities. Don't pretend, Job continues, that you know enough to speak for the LORD. Verse 15 is a wonderful confession of Job's - "though He slay me, I will hope in Him" (ESV). Job says that he will only keep silent after he has put his case to his Sovereign. All you, my so called, friends want to do is to make me your enemy in the mistaken view that I am a wrong doer.
The third chapter of Nahum is a woe directed against Nineveh. The first 4 verses describe the panic and loathsome chaotic mess within the city of Nineveh. The prophet, speaking under God's inspiration, declares the Father's contempt towards the Assyrians. Your empire, says Nahum, was of no greater importance than the recently overthrown strongholds of the Egyptian empire. Nineveh's doom would be the same as that of the mighty Egyptians. Nineveh will be like a staggering drunk attempting to flee, and their fortresses of no more use than a fig tree. The soldiers of Nineveh are compared to helpless women. Ironically, the prophet tells the Ninevites to draw water and that any of the fortifications for the siege are useless. The multitude of Nineveh's military are likened to cold grasshoppers in a hedge (3verses17). Nineveh's shepherds sleep and none will rouse them for the coming contest. Peter's letters, like that of James, were addressed to the believers found among the Jewish diaspora (those not in the land of Israel). The first letter of Peter seems to have been written about 62-63 AD. The superscription attributed the place of writing to be Babylon (whether the actual Babylon, which at the time of writing contained a large expatriate Jewish community because of its geographic advantages to the eastern trade routes - or Rome; also frequently referred to as Babylon in the book of Revelation).Peter was one of the three Apostles selected by Jesus to witness special events and miracles. This Apostle was particularly given the responsibility for shepherding the early flock of believers. Peter and John are linked together in the grouping of the Apostles, and after John, Peter was perhaps the closest of the remaining Apostles. To Peter was given the gospel keys to unlock, through his preaching, the opportunity to become the heirs of the kingdom (Matthew 16) for firstly the Jews (Acts 2), and then of the Gentiles (Acts 10). Galatians informs us that Peter was called the Apostle to the Jews, as Paul was the Apostle to the Gentiles. A comparison between Peter's letters and the Lord's teachings in the gospel accounts show the deep influence which our Lord Jesus had on Peter. Here's a few examples from chapter 1 of Peter's 1st letter. Verse 2 "the elect" (Mark 13verses21-22; John 13verses18; 15verses16). Verse 3, "has begotten us again" (John 3verses5). Verse 8 "ye see him not, yet believing" (John 20verses29). Verse 13 "gird up the loins of your mind" (Luke 12verses35). Verse 16 "be ye holy, for I am holy" (Matthew 5verses48). Verse 17 "without respect of persons" (Matthew 22verses16). Verse 18 "redeemed ... with the precious blood of Christ" (Matthew 20verses28; Mark 10verses45); "received by tradition of your fathers" (Matthew 15verses2-6; Mark 7;3-13). Verse 19 "blood of Christ as of a lamb" (John 1verses29). Verse 20 "before the foundation of the world" (Matthew 25verses34; Luke 11verses50). Verse 22 "love one another" (John 15verses12). Comparisons can also be made with the letters ofverses James, John and Revelation, of Paul and Hebrews; and with Peter's teaching in the Acts of the Apostles. The summary of chapter 1 is as followsverses The Apostle Peter salutes the sojourners of the "dispersion" of the ecclesias in Asia Minor (verses 1-2) and blessed God for His mercy to them (verses 3-4). The usual salutation opens the epistle, but note the openness and largeness of the great Apostle's heart - Peter seeks an abundance of grace and peace for his readers. The hope that we have, as disciples of our Lord, is not sterile; it lives because it is centred in the Lord of life who lives. The joy and salvation which spring from our hope in Christ more than balances the afflictions of the believers (verses 5-9). Despite experiencing trials and suffering for the name of Christ Peter's readers have had their lives preserved through their faith. And this faith will be revealed ultimately at the appearing of the wonderful saviour of the faithful disciples. This faith is likened to tried gold that is being purged, i.e. refined and that gold will glisten with greater lustre after being subjected to the "Refiner's fire" (Malachi 3verses2-3). We, like Peter's readers, have not seen our Lord, yet we believe and love him dearly. Of that salvation prophets and angels have sought to know, yet it was beyond their reach until Christ had come and revealed it to them (verses 10-12). The salvation of which all the faithfuls have ever hoped and the angels have gazed with wondering eyes until they beheld the Christ who was the central subject of the Scripture and the unfolding of our precious hope. Looking to it believers should learn to be patient and holy (verses 13-17). These believers are to lead lives which show that they have been redeemed by the blood of Christ (verses 18-21). The believer's faith and hope springs from the love of those who are being transformed by the power of our Sovereign's Word (verses 22-25). The dominant message of the Law and the prophets was to be holy "as He who has called us is Holy" (see Leviticus 19). Our Lord Jesus Christ's impartial judgment will penetrate the hearts of those whose faith enables them to separate the perishable from the eternal. And the eternal matters are those, which the Eternal Spirit has formed and developed in His faithful family (John 6verses63). These last verses are a citation from Isaiah 40verses6-8. Slowly read aloud, and ponder.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings readings December 10th (Job 12; Nahum 1, 2; James 5)

In Job 12 we have a continuation of his response to Zophar. This chapter tells us Job accepts that all that has happened to him is from the Almighty (Shaddai - a Hebrew word which expresses two different aspects of God's character - it means "the destroyers" and also, "the nourishers"). In chapter 42verses11 we are told that Job's suffering was from God. Job starts chapter 12 with supreme sarcasm, "No doubt you (my 3 friends) are the people, and wisdom will die with you" ESV verse 1; i.e. you're know-alls so why should I, Job, bother talking to you. Can't you see the wicked also prospering, he contends. In verse 10 we have another Hebrew parallelism i.e. the first expression meaningfully correlates to the second - the life of the beasts equates to the breath of humanity (Ecclesiastes 3verses19).Nahum was an Elkoshite from the southern kingdom of Judah. His name means "comfort" (a similar idea to the "parakletos" - Comforter of the New Testament). Jesus made Capernaum (city of comfort, or consolation) his base of operations in Galilee. The comfort of the prophecy of Nahum was that Judah's oppressor would be dealt with by the Almighty. The book was written between 624 AD and612 AD when Nineveh was overthrown by Babylon. As Egyptian power declined from the middle of the 7th century BC Assyria rose to prominence. Firstly, Nineveh and then Babylon assumed the dominant position in the threatening Assyrian development. Then in 612 BC Babylon conquered Nineveh and she no longer had a rival. Judah rejoiced for although the Babylonians, who God would bring against them in His chastisement, were exceedingly cruel they were more humane than their Ninevite brothers. Chapter 1 of Nahum deals with the Almighty's wrath against Nineveh. Verse 2 describes God's jealousy - Nineveh had been the nation who had brought the LORD's punishment upon God's guilty people. But the Assyrians had delighted in the cruelty meted out on Israel. Israel's Sovereign demonstrated His power over nature. When Yahweh is aroused to judge who can withstand His might. But after chastisement has been given our Potentate will compassionately pardon His people and destroy their oppressors. Chapter 2 details the destruction of Nineveh. All of Nineveh's powerful defenders and defences would be useless against the coming Babylonian onslaught. The panic within Nineveh is graphically portrayed. Colourful and emotional language describes the chaos experienced by the Ninevites. The den of the former ravening lion has itself become plundered.
James 5 concludes this letter from the half-brother of our Lord Jesus Christ. Verses 1-6 contain a warning to the rich. We remember that in chapter 2 the poor were showing favour to their rich oppressors but, as chapter 5 tells us, the time of reckoning had arrived. The soldiers of Rome, who had encircled Jerusalem in 70 AD, had heard that the rich had swallowed their gems in an attempt to escape with some of their wealth. So, when the fleeing rich (identified by their fatter flesh) fled they were opened up to see what wealth they had swallowed. Accumulated wealth in any form other than faithful and charitable works of love is useless, worthless and may in fact witness against us having been faithful servants of Christ.Verse 4 is a reference to the Law of Moses (Leviticus 19verses13; see also Jeremiah 22verses13; Malachi 3verses5). The field day labourers were having their wages held back overnight by the wealthy landowners, which God detested. The powerful would find opposition from Yahweh Tz'vaoth - He whose omnipotent power is with the host of heaven. The time to account for their self-indulgent apathy had come. They, verse 6, had condemned and murdered the righteous Lord Jesus Christ, who as he taught them had not resisted.James also according to history was clubbed to death by the Jews, who called him "James the just". Verses 7-12 speak of patience in suffering. Verse 7 is certainly the key to daily living. The farmer must patiently await for God to give him a crop. Grumble not and judge not, for our Judge is at the door (Acts 17verses31). The prophets and especially Job suffered long under trial. Let this console all believers in patiently enduring suffering whilst praying earnestly for the kingdom for which we long. We must always be true to our word - an oath adds no validity (Matthew 6verses36-37). Verses 13-19 deal with the prayer of faith. These verses contain five prayers. How significant it is that that this letter stresses the importance of prayer in the life of a believer. "Prayer", said brother Harry Tennant, "is not the spare wheel in the boot of the car - for use when an emergency arises - it is the steering wheel that directs our life". There were in the first century believers who had been afflicted with sickness as a consequence of their wayward behaviour.Repentance and prayer were the key to their recovery. If we have a friend who is a close confidant who can keep the matter undisclosed, they may be able to help us through a trauma (see Galatians 6verses1-3). Consider the example of persistence in prayer until resolving the pressing problem that was demonstrated in Elijah's life (1 Kings 18verses41-46). God has given each one of us the responsibility to help one another to the kingdom.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings readings December 9th (Job 11; Micah 7; James 3, 4)

In Job 11 Zophar speaks and says, Job you deserve far worse than what God has given you. Zophar is the youngest of the three friends. You are full of words and babbling is his message for Job. God is not obligated to respond to a self-righteous individual who is not prepared to accept the obvious is Zophar's contention. With God is wisdom, his friend declared, and it is beyond your capacity to understand Him. God will visit, with recompense, the worthless and stupid says Zophar. So repent and be rescued from your stubbornness is the advice offered. And having done this life will again become satisfactory.
In verses 1-17 of Micah 7 we read of the need to wait for the salvation of God. The prophet says that he is like the gathered harvest. The people of God have received the fruit of what they had sown (see Galatians 6verses6-10); and it was not pleasant - for says verse 2, their dealings with each other were evil. Doing what was right seemed an impossibility to Israel. And no one could be trusted. Verse 6 is quoted by our Lord Jesus Christ in Matthew 10verses35 (note the context of the Lord's words). By way of contrast the prophet urges patient continuance in well doing - verse 7 (compare Romans 2verses1-11). The enemy says v8 will pass away when God vindicates His servants. In the meantime, the expectant citizens of Zion will endure chastening. In the day of exaltation, the roles will be reversed and the oppressors will become penitent suppliants. Their Sovereign would then shepherd His people as He did in days of old. The surrounding nations would see and acknowledge this; and would prostrate themselves before the LORD's people. The prophet's message in verses 18-20 finished on a high point with the prophet's reminder of Yahweh's steadfast love (chesed) and compassion. Read these verses aloud slowly. Pause and ponder.James 3 continues in a practical vein with the issues we all have in controlling our tongues. He says that teachers have a stricter responsibility, as our words will be discounted by our inconsistent conduct and speech. The only man to have perfectly controlled his tongue was our Lord Jesus Christ. In verses 3-4 two examples of small things controlling great things - the horse is controlled by a small bit in its mouth; and a ship is directed by a small rudder. The tongue is small, but seemingly uncontrollable - a small spark sets a forest ablaze; and likewise, a tiny bit of gossip creates untold havoc. How perverse we are. We praise and thank God, and, with the same tongue slander those made by God in His image. This is contrary to nature as the two examples of verses 11-12 illustrate. Verses 13-18 describe and counsel the use of heavenly wisdom. Wisdom and understanding are demonstrated by meekness (teachableness) - see Psalm 18verses20-28; 25verses1-9). Strife and bitterness, by contrast, come from self-promotion. Although purity proceeds peace (see 2 Kings 9verses19; Isaiah 57verses19-21), this is never an invitation to pummel people into submission. Read verses 17-18 aloud slowly. Pause and ponder. At the end of chapter 3 we saw one cause of strife was self-promotion; in chapter 4 he names several more. Chapter 4 warns against worldliness. He deals with covetousness in the first three verses. A covetous person has no room in their life for God. Interestingly the 10 commandments stand and finish with covetousness - the first, "You shall have no gods before me" (a person's possessions possess them); and the tenth, "You shall not covet".Hence Paul says in Colossians 3verses5, "Covetousness, which is idolatry". Hence covetousness is likened to adultery (chapter 4verses4-5). The jealousy of God for the purity and chastity of believers is captured by the ESV translation of verse 5, "He yearns zealously over the spirit (mind, or attitude) that He has made to dwell in us". Compare this with what the Apostle Paul wrote in 2 Corinthians 11verses2-3. The literal Greek of verse 4 is, "adulteresses" (since God is our groom). But for those who graciously submit and draw near to our Father He will show reciprocity in drawing near to them (see 1 Peter 5verses5-11). Humility now will bring future exaltation (compare our Lord Jesus Christ in Philippians 2 verses 1-11). The humble disciple is not one who critically compares oneself with others. From verses 13-17 James reminds us of our vain and transient nature. Therefore, he says, boasting is wrong. All plans we make are "God willing" (subject to His purpose for us). Should we focus on covetousness we have excluded Him from those plans. What we have has been given to us by Him to use in His service. Life is no more permanent than the vapour from the boiling kettle. Don't be arrogant. Place God at the forefront of all your plans.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings readings December 8th (Job 10; Micah 6; James 2)

Job makes his plea before God in chapter 10. He loathed his life and requests his death. He says, since You, God, have made me You are responsible for my sufferings. It is true that Job's sufferings were allowed by his Maker (42verses11), and it was for a purpose - James 5verses10-11 - but it was wrong for the patriarch (Job) to challenge the Almighty in this regard. Nonetheless Job acknowledged the chasm between mortal man and his Maker. He protests his innocence and says he ought not therefore suffer. Here is the crux of the book - suffering is not only for sin (it is the rightful human condition, as we are inevitable and constant sinners, who need God's mercy, grace and forgiveness). Through sufferings we may learn patience and develop character. With poetic words Job tells of the LORD's creative hand. Sovereign Lord you seem, he says, to be relentless in Your pursuit of me. "Why?", he asks. Please end my life and suffering he asks. In his 6th chapter the prophet Micah, speaking on the LORD's behalf, condemns the nation. God asks, is there a reason My people have turned from Me. What have I done to cause this. The reality was the very reverse. He had so often pardoned them though they spurned Him in response. Think how great was His love and forgiveness why they grievously transgressed at Baal Peor in Numbers 24-25. God's righteousness is inextricably associated with His mercy, grace and forgiveness. From verses 6-8 is the crux of what God asks of us in response to His pardon. The Law of Moses similarly summarised what God requires from His people in Deuteronomy 10verses12-13. It is not the sacrifice of offering that establishes a relationship with our Maker, but rather a humble recognition of what He has done for us. A humbling of ourselves to walk with the One whose condescension to be our God is beyond our capacity to comprehend (Isaiah 57verses15). Read verse 8 aloud - pause and ponder. Verses 9-16 tell of God's determination to destroy the wicked. This is the character and ways of our God (see Exodus 34verses5-7; and Romans 11verses22-23).
James 2 was a hotly debated chapter at the time of the Reformation. Martin Luther totally misunderstood the message of James 2 and declared the letter of James to be, "A straw letter". The atonement is not based on faith alone; but upon a faith that actively works, being energised by love to purify our hearts (Galatians 5verses1-6). Paul and James do not present conflicting arguments, but they are in fact complementary - John Thomas, a Christadelphian writer wrote in 'Elpis Israel' (published in 1850), "Abraham the sinner was justified by faith, but Abraham the saint was justified by his works".Ephesians 2verses4-10 express the truth that works are the response in gratitude to God's grace of His children. Verses 1-13 of James 2 deal with the sin of partiality. This is a sin to which we are all prone. We are all equal in God's eyes. James says the prominent, the posers, the powerful are shown preference. How evil is this. The Bible stresses the need to look after the poor and the vulnerable. Chapter 1 ended on this note. How magnificent and majestic are the words of verse 5 - read slowly, pause and ponder. We must modify our attitudes and behaviours to be the children of our Father. James declared that the very ones to whom you are partial are your persecutors and oppressors. God's royal law is the law of Love. It is Royal as it reigns supreme above all other laws. It cannot be measured, nor legislated. And yet it will be the basis of our being judged by our Lord Jesus Christ at his coming - compare Romans 13verses8-10. Mercy is received when mercy is the basis of our dealings with others. From verses 14-26 the writer establishes from the Scripture the uselessness of a faith without works. He gave the example of sensitivity to spiritual needs, yet totally insensitivity to life's essentials - how incongruous, and yet this often happens. Faith cannot be demonstrated in a vacuum. Even demented people can show a fearful, but pointless faith (belief). The evidence of faith is seen in action (the writer to the Hebrews showed this in the 11th chapter). Abraham and Rahab are the evidence of James' argument. Faith without works is as useful as a corpse without breath.
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Thoughts on the Bible Readings readings December 7th (Job 9; Micah 5; James 1)

In the epistle of James, we have the first of the New Testament writings - written sometime between 42- 44 AD. Of the many James’s in the New Testament the author is most likely the half-brother of Jesus Christ. The use of the word "synagogue" tells us that believers had not yet formed ecclesias. The style of teaching in the letter is more like that of our Lord than any of the other letters. There are frequent references to nature and the use of parables is profuse. The early believers were already suffering persecution at the hands of the Jewish leaders. Verse 1 tells us that the letter was for the diaspora (those Jews living outside the Holy Land). Verses 2-18, of chapter 1, outline the purpose of trials (testing) in our life. The expression in verse 4, "perfect and complete, lacking nothing" was used to describe the athlete who had finished first in each of the disciplines of the pentathlon. The trials are to develop trust, character and perseverance. No believer will be exempted from testing. If we fail to understand why the test has befallen us, then ask God with Whom wisdom and understanding lays. But let the asking come from a mind that is assured God knows why, and He knows what He is doing. Both rich and poor will experience the withering winds of trial and in the fact that their Father treats them equally, they ought to rejoice. James echoes the message of Isaiah 40 as to our transient and weak state. He contrasts that with the power of the Word of the Almighty, which is eternal and when it has become the stabilising force in the believer's life it can bring eternal life to that person (compare 1 Peter 1verses22-25). From verse 13 to 15 James tells us of the source and site of the conflict (our mind). He explains that the mind of God, unlike ours, is incapable of being prompted by evil thoughts. This is why our Lord Jesus Christ shared in the trials common to humanity - but unlike us was victorious in the realm of his thinking. The process of sin, the writer tells us, is like baiting and luring a fish into a trap. Our Lord, although tempted (as he was man and not God), never succumbed to the temptation. Verses 17-18 tell us that God is a Father who gives only good gifts (see Matthew 7verses7-11). God is not subject to being eclipsed, nor to parallax error, as the moon is with respect to our sun. The natural world sometimes appears to look different than it really is.From verses 19-27 we are instructed in "hearing and doing the word". Matthew 7 concluded with the parable of the two builders (Vv24-27). We have learned to talk the talk, but have we learned to walk the walk. James' advice to his hearers is that they be swift to hear, but slow to speak. There is an old Jewish proverb that God gave us two ears and one mouth as he wants us to listen twice as much as we talk. He follows this with the need to be calm - be slow to anger (Greek "macrotheumia", literally long before boiling). When we look closely at the mirror of the Word of God we see a mirror of what we are as natural men and women - humans are comfortable with the picture which they see. We are repulsed by what God's Word shows us to truly be. But we must delve deeply into its transforming power to produce a metamorphosis (the changing of an ugly grub into a beautiful butterfly) in us (Romans 12verses1-2). This process liberates our minds from their normal condition of serving self (sin). Our actions will be blessed and a blessing to others. We will learn to practice pure religion in the eyes of our Father. This consists in internal motivations and external actions. Firstly, we must learn to control our tongue (elaborated in chapter 3). The objective of our acts will be to benefit and support the afflicted (here the widows are mentioned). But we also have a personal responsibility to be holy - this involves the rejection of worldly ways and thoughts.